What is the relationship and difference between the global partition index and the core shard index

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I saw from the article at Quilibrium Blog | Proof of Meaningful Work that Quilibrium uses both a global partition index and a core shard index to handle data, but I did not understand two things:

  1. Why are two indices necessary, would not one index suffice? (Of course, I know it must be meaningful, but I do not understand the specifics.)
  2. I feel that the global partition index primarily manages the high-level distribution of data across the entire network, while the core shard index handles more detailed and specific data localization. However, I am unsure what is meant by ‘partition’ in this context.
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As far as I understand, the reason for the composite index is to allow an efficient proof of the entire global state of the network. The blog post touches on this, but beyond that I’d defer to @cassie to elaborate.